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- <text id=90TT0584>
- <link 93TG0131>
- <title>
- Mar. 05, 1990: Under Fire from All Sides
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Mar. 05, 1990 Gossip
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 41
- Under Fire from All Sides
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Cigarette makers are assailed for targeting the young
- </p>
- <p> Even for an industry accustomed to constant attack,
- cigarette makers suffered a barrage of unusual intensity last
- week. The torrent of criticism suggested that the U.S. tobacco
- business will be severely hobbled in its attempts to introduce
- new brands and sustain its dwindling market:
- </p>
- <p>-- For the second time in a month, plans by R.J. Reynolds
- to pitch a new brand to a particular group of smokers met with
- fiery opposition from health groups.
- </p>
- <p>-- During Senate hearings in which he proposed a new
- regulatory group to clamp down on tobacco, Massachusetts
- Democrat Edward Kennedy pointed out that cigarettes have almost
- 2,000 times as much benzene, among other toxins, as the Perrier
- water recently recalled for contamination.
- </p>
- <p>-- Louis Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human Services,
- charged that smoking costs the nation $52 billion a year. Said
- he: "Cigarettes are the only legal product that when used as
- intended cause death."
- </p>
- <p>-- A smoking ban on all domestic flights in the continental
- U.S. went into effect, while state and local officials
- announced more antismoking initiatives.
- </p>
- <p> No company is more aware of which way the smoke is blowing
- than RJR. Last month it gave in to protest and dropped its
- plans for a cigarette for blacks called Uptown. Now RJR is
- mired in criticism over its intention to test-market a new
- cigarette called Dakota. The controversy began when an
- antismoking group, the Advocacy Institute, released copies of
- a marketing plan for Dakota that had been leaked to the
- institute. The documents, which call the cigarette Project VF,
- for virile female, describe the typical customer as an
- entry-level factory worker, 18 to 20 years old, who enjoys
- watching drag races and aspires "to get married in her early
- 20s and have a family."
- </p>
- <p> While RJR dismissed the documents as spurious and
- inaccurate, health experts and women's groups accused RJR of
- targeting uninformed young women for death. Lung cancer among
- women has jumped more than fivefold in the past 20 years, and
- now surpasses breast cancer as the leading cause of death. "I
- cannot understand how any self-respecting company could seek
- to exploit so deliberately a group of young women," said Molly
- Yard, president of the National Organization for Women. Despite
- the furor, RJR is going ahead with plans to test Dakota.
- </p>
- <p> Until recently, new tobacco brands met little resistance.
- But target marketing has taken on an odious reputation as
- tobacco makers aim for the few groups that have been slow to
- kick the habit. The companies have long argued that they are
- selling a legal product to consumers capable of making their
- own choices, but as cigarette makers focus on younger and
- less-educated consumers, that argument becomes harder to
- support.
- </p>
- <p> RJR's reported strategy for Dakota heightened concerns that
- tobacco companies are trying to indoctrinate children and
- recruit minors. Half of all current smokers first lighted up
- by age 15, some 90% before they were 19. Some critics believe
- the industry is deliberately capitalizing on adolescents'
- desires to be popular and attractive by attributing those
- qualities to smoking in its $2.5 billion annual ad spending.
- "You certainly don't see ads featuring 65-year-olds," notes
- Karl Bauman, a sociologist at the University of North Carolina's
- School of Public Health. Thomas Lauria of the Tobacco
- Institute, the industry's lobbying arm, disagrees: "Advertising
- doesn't get people to smoke. High school kids haven't seen ads
- for marijuana."
- </p>
- <p> Other forms of marketing are taking flak as well. In his
- second antismoking salvo of the week, Sullivan denounced
- tobacco sponsorship of sporting events, notably Virginia Slims
- tennis tournaments, for using "the prestige and the image of
- the athlete" to tempt young people to light up. Mark Green's
- first official act as New York City's Commissioner of Consumer
- Affairs was to fire off a letter last week to Louis Gerstner,
- chairman of RJR Nabisco, the cigarette maker's parent company,
- criticizing the use of a cartoon character in Camel ads. "Isn't
- this ad campaign an obvious attempt to lure children into
- smoking?" Green wrote. Meanwhile, New York Governor Mario Cuomo
- said he would back a bill to ban most cigarette-vending
- machines because they make state law prohibiting sales to
- minors "largely unenforceable."
- </p>
- <p> A prime reason for the flurry of regulation is that
- cigarette bashing has become politically popular. Even such a
- tobacco bastion as Greensboro, N.C., has an ordinance against
- smoking in retail stores and other public areas. As a sign of
- the diminished power of Washington's once feared tobacco lobby,
- Congress is considering 72 bills to inhibit tobacco use.
- Kennedy's proposal would create a $185 million Center for
- Tobacco Products, with broad powers to regulate the industry.
- His costly plan faces an uphill battle, as does another bill,
- proposed by Congressman Henry Waxman of California, that would
- allow only informational ads without pictures. Ironically, such
- ads are known in the trade as tombstones.
- </p>
- <p>By John E. Gallagher. With reporting by John F. McDonald/
- Washington, and Don Winbush/Atlanta
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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